Mortgage holidays started in March, allowing people to defer payments without affecting their credit rating.
That respite from payments would end for the first applicants in June and the Treasury said the extension would provide certainty for those affected.
However, it said borrowers should still pay their mortgages if they were able.
The deferred payments will still have to be paid back later on, so mortgage customers will face higher bills once the so-called holiday comes to an end.
However, the Treasury was concerned an abrupt end to the scheme could produce a cliff-edge effect, with families facing money problems as bad, if not worse, as they did when the virus struck.
Christopher Woolard, interim chief executive at financial regulator the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA), said that if customers could afford to restart mortgage payments “it is in their best interests to do so”.
“But where they can’t, a range of further support will be available,” he added.
The Money Advice Trust, a charity which runs the National Debtline advice service, said the extension was good news, but urged the government to help private renters, too.
Joanna Elson, chief executive of the Money Advice Trust, said: “People in private rented accommodation are among the most exposed to financial difficulty in the wake of the outbreak, and the government should listen to calls to help people meet their rent payments by increasing the Local Housing Allowance rate to cover 50% of average market rents.”
Options available
The date for homeowners to apply to extend their mortgage holidays has also been extended, with customers able to apply until the end of October, so if someone applied for one then, it would take them through to January.
More than 1.8 million mortgage customers have taken advantage of the relief from making payments so far.
The banking body, UK Finance, estimates this is an average of £755 a month.
A cliff edge was looming. The first borrowers to have put off their mortgage payments would have had to start paying again next month.
The proposal to extend the scheme puts off the day of reckoning, but it could create an even bigger financial challenge for families later on.
Because the so-called mortgage holidays do not involve free money. You have to make up the shortfall afterwards.
It means that mortgage bills will be slightly higher when you resume paying, and they will be higher still if you extend for another three months.
Mortgage rates are relatively low and the cost is spread over 25 years, so hopefully the increase will be bearable.
That may not be the case with higher cost borrowing. The FCA will have to think much harder about whether extending holidays for credit cards and other debt is a good idea.